一、沼氣成分對發(fā)動機(jī)運(yùn)行的影響
1、 Influence of biogas composition on engine operation
在利用沼氣發(fā)電過程中，由于沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組本身設(shè)計和材料的特點(diǎn)，導(dǎo)致發(fā)電機(jī)組對沼氣中的部分成分（如H2S、水分、固體雜質(zhì)等）特別敏感，如果處理不好將導(dǎo)致發(fā)電機(jī)組無法正常運(yùn)行。
In the process of using biogas for power generation, due to the design and material characteristics of biogas generator set, the generator set is particularly sensitive to some components in biogas (such as H2S, moisture, solid impurities, etc.), and if it is not handled properly, the generator set will not operate normally.
硫化氫對發(fā)電機(jī)組的影響
Influence of hydrogen sulfide on generator set
硫化氫（H2S）是一種無色有毒的可燃性氣體，具有強(qiáng)烈的臭雞蛋氣味，當(dāng)空氣中硫化氫的體積含量超過0.1%時，就能引起頭疼暈眩等中毒癥狀。硫化氫（H2S）對鐵等金屬有強(qiáng)腐蝕性，也易吸附金屬表面與多種金屬離子作用，生成不溶于水的硫化物沉淀。沼氣在燃燒時，其中的H2S還能轉(zhuǎn)化為腐蝕性很強(qiáng)的亞硫酸氣霧會污染環(huán)境和腐蝕機(jī)器設(shè)備，同時H2S在潮濕的環(huán)境下對金屬管道、燃燒設(shè)備、檢測設(shè)備和儀表等都具有強(qiáng)烈的腐蝕性，所以沼氣在利用前必須脫出其中所含的H2S。利用沼氣發(fā)電時沼氣中的硫化氫會對沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的進(jìn)氣管道、增壓器、中冷器、火花塞、氣缸套、排氣管和消音器等造成嚴(yán)重腐蝕影響機(jī)組壽命。所以沼氣在進(jìn)入發(fā)電機(jī)組之前必須進(jìn)行沼氣預(yù)處理，將H2S降到機(jī)組允許的范圍內(nèi)才能保證機(jī)組的可靠運(yùn)行。
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, toxic and combustible gas with a strong smell of rotten eggs. When the volume content of hydrogen sulfide in the air exceeds 0.1%, it can cause poisoning symptoms such as headache and dizziness. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is highly corrosive to iron and other metals, and it is also easy to adsorb metal surface and interact with a variety of metal ions to form sulfide precipitation insoluble in water. During the combustion of biogas, H2S can also be transformed into highly corrosive sulfite mist, which will pollute the environment and corrode machinery and equipment. At the same time, H2S has strong corrosivity to metal pipes, combustion equipment, detection equipment and instruments in a humid environment. Therefore, the H2S contained in biogas must be removed before use. When using biogas for power generation, the hydrogen sulfide in biogas will cause serious corrosion to the inlet pipe, supercharger, intercooler, spark plug, cylinder liner, exhaust pipe and silencer of biogas generator unit, affecting the service life of the unit. Therefore, before entering the generator unit, biogas must be pretreated to reduce H2S to the allowable range of the unit in order to ensure the reliable operation of the unit.

水分對發(fā)電機(jī)組的影響
Influence of moisture on generator set
在利用沼氣發(fā)電過程中，沼氣水分含量過大的話，會導(dǎo)致發(fā)電機(jī)組的進(jìn)氣壓力損耗過大，嚴(yán)重的情況下，會引起發(fā)動機(jī)功率波動、敲缸、停機(jī)等嚴(yán)重地影響其使用壽命。其具體表現(xiàn)為：
In the process of using biogas for power generation, if the moisture content of biogas is too large, it will lead to excessive intake pressure loss of the generator set. In serious cases, it will cause engine power fluctuation, cylinder knocking, shutdown, etc., which will seriously affect its service life. Its specific performance is as follows:
發(fā)動機(jī)點(diǎn)火困難；
Difficult ignition of engine;
降低燃燒室溫度，降低內(nèi)燃機(jī)的效率；
Reduce the temperature of combustion chamber and reduce the efficiency of internal combustion engine;
由于水蒸氣等無功氣體的存在，增壓耗功增大；
Due to the existence of reactive gas such as steam, the power consumption of pressurization increases;
水蒸氣與其他酸性物質(zhì)的化合產(chǎn)生中間產(chǎn)物，對機(jī)器本身產(chǎn)生腐蝕，縮短機(jī)器的使用壽命，降低機(jī)器的可靠性。
The combination of water vapor and other acidic substances produces intermediate products, which corrodes the machine itself, shortens the service life of the machine and reduces the reliability of the machine.
固體雜質(zhì)對發(fā)電機(jī)組的影響
Influence of solid impurities on generator set
粉塵是大氣環(huán)境中涉及面廣、危害嚴(yán)重的一種污染物。粉塵是發(fā)動機(jī)明確限制的雜質(zhì)，它主要影響在于：
Dust is one of the most extensive and harmful pollutants in the atmospheric environment. Dust is an impurity clearly limited by the engine, and its main effects are:
堵塞管路，流通不暢，加大壓損，增加運(yùn)行費(fèi)用；
The pipeline is blocked, the circulation is not smooth, the pressure loss is increased, and the operation cost is increased;
增大機(jī)械磨損，降低設(shè)備使用壽命。
Increase mechanical wear and reduce equipment service life.